Quantitative assessment of Permian limestone geosites in the Sai Yok District, Kanchanaburi Province, Western Thailand

Abstract

Kanchanaburi Province in western Thailand is recognized as an exceptional natural tourist destination, offering many historical attractions and recreational activities. The Sai Yok District, located within Kanchanaburi Province, is characterized by distinctive geological and geomorphological features, hosting numerous remarkable geosites and geomorphosites, including waterfalls, caves, lapiés, and scenic karst topography. These features make it an exceptional location for geotourism. Inventory and quantitative assessments were conducted on seven Permian limestone geosites, namely Mueang Sing Historical Park, Tham Krasae, Tham Lawa, Tham Dao Wadung, Nam Tok Sai Yok Noi, Nam Tok Sai Yok Yai, and Hellfire Pass. The quantitative assessment process involved evaluating the scientific value and determining the level of deterioration of the geosites. Overall, these geosites were classified as having medium scientific value, with Mueang Sing Historical Park having the highest total score, while Tham Krasae had the lowest. Six of the seven geosites are classified as having a medium risk of deterioration, except Tham Dao Wadung, which has a low risk. The assessment of the total geosite value reveals that Mueang Sing Historical Park and Tham Dao Wadung possess a positive overall geosite value. At the same time, the other five have a negative value. It is important to note that because six of these seven geosites are classified as having a medium risk of deterioration, there is a need for increased attention and protection.