Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://dspace.ctu.edu.vn/jspui/handle/123456789/5078
Title: Musk fragrances, DEHP and heavy metals in a 20 years old sludge treatment reed bed system
Authors: Matamoros, Victor
Nguyễn, Xuân Lộc
Arias, Carlos A.
Nielsen, Steen
Laugen, Maria Molmer
Brix, Hans
Keywords: Biosolids
Composting
Sludge treatment reedbeds
Phragmites
Musk fragrances
Heavy metals
Issue Date: 2012
Series/Report no.: Water Research;46 .- p.3889-3896
Abstract: The Sludge Treatment Reed Bed (STRB) technology is a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly technology to dewater and mineralize surplus sludge from conventional wastewater treatment systems. Primary and secondary liquid sludge is loaded onto the surface of the bed over several years, where it is dewatered, mineralized and turned into a biosolid with a high dry matter content for use as an organic fertilizer on agricultural land. We analysed the concentrations of five organic micropollutants (galaxolide, tonalide, cashmeran, celestolide and DEHP) and six heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, Zn and Cr) in the accumulated sludge in a 20-year old STRB in Denmark in order to assess the degradation and fate of these contaminants in a STRB and the relation to sludge composition. The results showed that the deposited sludge was dewatered to reach a dry matter content of 29%, and that up to a third of the organic content of the sludge was mineralized. The concentrations of heavy metals generally increased with depth in the vertical sludge profile due to the dewatering and mineralization of organic matter, but in all cases the concentrations were below the European Union legal limits for agricultural land disposal. The concentrations of fragrances and DEHP ranged from 10 to 9000 ng g⁻¹ dry mass. The attenuation of hydrophobic micropollutants from the top to the bottom layer of the reed bed ranged from 40 to 98%, except for tonalide which increased significantly with sludge depth, and consequently showed an unusual depth distribution of the galaxolide/tonalide ratio. This unexpected pattern may reflect changes imposed by a long storage time and/or different composition of the fresh sludge in the past. The lack of a significant decreasing DEHP concentration with sludge age might indicate that this compound is very persistent in STRBs. In conclusion the STRB was a feasible technology for sludge treatment before its land disposal.
URI: http://localhost:8080//jspui/handle/123456789/5078
Appears in Collections:Tạp chí quốc tế

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
_file_817.79 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
Your IP: 3.135.220.239


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.